The date of composition for K.365 is unknown but possibly early in 1779 and presumably Mozart wrote it to play with his sister, Nannerl. Mozart later performed the work himself with his pupil Josepha Barbara von Auernhammer in Vienna in 1781 and 1782.
Originally scored for two pianos with two oboes, two bassoons, two horns and strings, the later additions of two clarinets, two trumpets and timpani are allegedly by Mozart.